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East Asian

Wood, joinery and the art of the roof. For two thousand years, builders in China, Japan and Korea worked mainly in timber. Interlocking wooden brackets lift heavy tiled roofs into their famous upturned curves, while halls line up along a central axis and open onto courtyards and gardens in strict order of rank — from Beijing’s Forbidden City to Seoul’s Gyeongbokgung. Wood burns and rots, so this architecture survives through repair and renewal: Japan’s Ise Shrine is rebuilt every twenty years. Yet Horyu-ji’s halls have stood since around 700 AD, among the oldest wooden buildings on earth.

Frontal view of a large Japanese temple gate with sweeping tiled roof, flanked by whitewashed walls and pine trees.

Horyu-ji Temple: World’s Oldest Wooden Buildings Defy Time

Discover how Japan's Horyu-ji Temple has survived 1,300 years of earthquakes and wars, preserving Buddhist art from before Islam existed.
The Potala Palace on a rocky hill in Lhasa at dusk, with gilded stupas in the foreground and mountains behind.

Potala Palace: Tibet’s Defiant Fortress Above the Clouds

Discover the secret 15-year deception that built Tibet's Potala Palace, where earthquake-proof walls rise 117m into defiant testimony of Buddhist

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